"It's the little details that are vital. Little things make big things happen."
-John Wooden
In cooking, as in life, there are a plethora of things to choose from. Sure everybody knows some combination of meats, grains, and vegetables is the essential for any dish. However, we take for granted the little things that every kitchen should have. These are the things your mom put into dinner that you didn't even realize were there.
Now that its time to improve (or start) your own kitchen on the journey of food exploration, the first step is to acquire the basic little things that are a big part of every dish. Here I've tried to minimally show the essential ingredients that I use. It may not have everything, but I believe it has at least the essentials!
Spices:
Cayenne Pepper - My favorite go-to spice, because it adds the minimum amount of flavor (along with salt) to absolutely anything.
Chili powder - An alternative and a complement to cayenne pepper, it is typically spicer with darker undertones. Highly recommended if you are making a spicy curry of any kind.
Black Pepper - A strong spice that will beckon "Gesundheit!" if you're not careful. I love black pepper on things that would be bland without, but it should be used wisely. You never want too much black pepper in your food, because it is difficult to fix.
Salt Grinder/coarse salt - You probably have table salt (Morton's or whatever), but it can really up your cooking game if you get salt rocks in a grinder. It allows for easier control on how much salt you add, since too much salt is the easiest terrible cooking mistake. I found a grinder with himalayan salt rocks that adds a wonderful mineral taste to everything I use it in.
Crushed/Minced garlic - This one ingredient has probably saved me hours. Literally. I like garlic and it just so happens that most recipes ask for it. Instead of having to peel and cut fresh garlic, I like buying minced or crushed garlic for cheap and spooning it on to a pan. Fresh garlic is better, but not nearly as convenient!
Cilantro flakes - Alternative to fresh cilantro, you can just sprinkle it on top of many dishes. It is always a useful tool to have on hand to garnish a plate as well.
Italian herbs and seasoning - I like using this in pastas and like the ease with which you have most of the essential herbs for a type of cuisine in one handy bottle!
Basil and Parsley flakes - same description as cilantro. Easy alternatives to cutting things is nice.
Leaves/Herbs
Fresh Basil - A key ingredient for any kind Thai and Italian food. It brings out a different flavor from both curry and pasta when used properly!
Spinach - I never used to eat spinach as a kid, but I realize now that was because I didn't have the right pairing to go with it. Cheese and mushrooms are amazing complements to spinach. Bonus points for being a super healthy leafy vegetable.
Mint - Everyone knows how this smells, but don't let that stop you from using it for visual garnishment as well as olfactory extravagance.
Parsley - An excellent tool for garnishment, it can also add an earthy taste to any dish.
Cilantro - A more powerful flavor than parsley, it can go on almost anything and looks wonderful sprinkled over a final plate.
Arugula (more fancy) - A more complex taste and should be experimented with to get the best idea of how to use it. It goes well with dishes that have spinach.
Green Onions - arguably a vegetable, but it is really used more as an herb.
Oils/Sauces
Sriracha hot sauce - Such an amazing tool for adding spice without having to use pepper at the right time. You can add this sauce at absolutely anytime during the cooking process making it invaluable.
Olive Oil - Extra virgin is better if you can get it! I get it in bulk at Costco/Sam's Club, because there is no recipe I have found where olive oil cannot be substituted for other kinds of oils. It has less effective cholesterol, because of high levels of HDL (good cholesterol). Just make sure you don't overdo it!
Soy Sauce - An essential ingredient in most types of oriental/asian cuisine. You don't want to not be able to make fried rice or stir-fry, because you don't have soy sauce around!